Camallanus (<i>Camallanus cotti</i> & <i>C.lacustris</i>)

Symptoms

Kyphosis
Anterior-posterior curvature of the spine

Scoliosis
Lateral curvature of the spine.

Growth poor
Parasite infested fish show very slow or no growth, as parasite is taking the food.

Muscular atrophy
Muscles of fish show evident wasting away.

Abdomen sunken
The lower part of the fish's body is hollow and wasted.

Emaciation
Fish is fading away, looks as if it is starving to death.

Faded colours
Colour of body has a washed out look.

Listless and lethargic
Fish moves very lazily in water, much less than normal, lacks interest.

Nematode "capped worm", lives in intestines and eyes. This worm reproduces in aquariums because they produce live larvae.

Not easy to treat, since not all life-cycle stages are succeptible to nematocides.

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DNA and RNA diagnostic references.